Have you ever wondered how (your) emotions influence (your) trading? The trader’s emotional stability is just one aspect. In his interview with George Papazov, a full-time professional trader, Trent (drinkforex.com) explores how human psychology and emotion still drive the market in the era of algos, tackling the subject of insider trading as well. George also shares some valuable and concrete advice on how to manage your risk and be on top of your trading career.
In association and permission from drinkforex.com we made transcript of most important parts of great video interview with George Papazov made by drinkforex team.
Day Trading vs. Swing Trading – Two Styles of Trading Options
TRENT HOERR (TH): Can you give a brief rundown of your background in the trading industry?
GEORGE PAPAZOV (GP): Yeah, absolutely.
TH: …And what you do.
GP: Yeah, for sure. I started trading on the, with a friend. We, we founded a proprietary trading company on forex. It was just the two of us so it was our own capital. Uh, I was fairly young at the time and we had a pretty good successful run for a couple of years and, of course, like any partnership, partners eventually end up going their own ways. Um, we got out of that, then I went to school for… to learn how to trade a little bit better. I went into finance thinking “hey, this is gonna be the answer”, while I traded, learned that it’s not gonna teach you anything about trading. From there I went to work for one of the biggest banks in, in Canada, on their trading floor. And I was actually on the desk in 2008 and ’09 when the, when the crash happened and the calls that we took – I’ll never forget ’em – I have mega chills down my spine when I still think of it cause I remember every word; some of the most – how do I say it – dark, um, conversations that I’ve ever had with anyone that I’ve never met before happened in those days. And so I said “You know what? There were signs that this was gonna happen.” And back then I was publishing a blog, kind of calling for this crash, and when it happened I took absolutely no happiness or pride in it and I said “Wow, I, that was one of those times when I was like, I wish I was wrong.” And you know, things went downhill and from there I said “This is my inspiration, I wanna actually help people learn how to do this.” I wanted to let the retail crowd have a level footing with the professionals and learn how to trade successfully. So that’s why my catalyst is 2012 – I started the company and since then I’ve essentially just been running TRADEPRO and trading and teaching others how to accomplish success at the markets.
TH: You mentioned you’re a day trader. What exactly is a day trader for those that don’t know?
GP: Yeah, for sure. So it’s the time span… When you, when you kind of refer to yourself as a day trader it’s a time span that you hold a position. So the way you could see it is: if you buy a position, if you start with cash, get into a trade and get out, end up in cash, you’re considered to be a day trader. You might hold for a few minutes, a few hours, up to a day but usually at the end of the day you’re out in cash. So my positions are based on momentum through a chart on the one day: I’ll get in and then I’ll get out. So I’ll start with cash and at the end of the day I’ll end with cash and I’ll sleep easy.
TH: Ha ha ha!
GP: Swing trader is a more longer term, right, it’s a couple of days and um I, I was a swing trader before. It’s interesting, my bread and butter were swing trading options and then I recently got into futures – couple of years now, when I say “recently”. I’ve been doing it, I’ve been at this game for a long time but recently with futures I’ve become more of a day trader just because that’s how those markets are. It’s hard to hold swing trade positions with, um, with all this volatility, right?
Emotions and Psychology – Two Things That Really Drive the Market
TH: Emotion – can you go into a little bit about that? Because it’s not as if you’re, you know, you’re trading in the pit someplace where you can see the person emotionally getting upset and physically getting upset. You’re, you’re seeing bids and offers and trading in the market, like, what, what is emotion to you?
GP: Right. And that’s a, that’s a really solid point that you bring up, it’s… When, when you’re looking at a chart you see all these numbers flow through and when you’re looking at it as a trader you don’t realize that what you’re actually looking at is psychology. You’re looking at an auction market: there is, there’s bids, there’s offers, and if you’re going on – OK, I’ll give you an example – if you’re on Kijiji looking to buy something and you show up…
TH: If you’re on, sorry, if you’re on what?
GP: On, um, Kijiji. So let’s say you wanna buy…
TH: What is that, what is that?
GP: Oh yeah, um, the website, the, the buy and sell website for…
TH: Is this a Canadian thing?
GP: Is it? Oh, um…
TH: How do you spell it?
GP: K-I-J-I-J-I.ca. I’m not affiliated with them, I’m not a… Maybe it is a Canadian… Or craigslist, it’s a quality craigslist.
TH: OK, yeah, I know craigslist.
GP: Yeah, yeah, so you show up on let’s say on a craigslist ad you wanna buy a PS form from somebody and what you don’t realize is you’re in a market right there, it’s an emotional transaction. You show up and you have, let’s say, 300 bucks, and you say: “I’m gonna try and see if I can buy this thing for 280.” And if you go to the guy and say: “You know what, I’ll offer you 280” and he says: “Sold.” – right then and there you’re thinking: “Man, maybe I could’ve offered a little bit lower, he took it too quickly”, right?
TH: Right.
GP: And that, that’s the same process that the market’s going through. So despite just seeing numbers moving up and down, it’s still emotion. You’ve gotta look at levels where traders are feeling pain. And I say this in the chat room a lot, I say: “Where the market usually goes, where it’ll cause the most amount of pain and financial loss for the most amount of people.” And you can start to see that on the charts. I’ll give you an example: if the trend’s going up a little bit and there’s a lot of buying and you look at it on the order flow, that’s a key, um, key dynamic that we follow on the order flow stuff. You see it’s at a, at a high, there’s a lot of buying, there’s a lot of volume going through but it’s not going anywhere, all you’ve got now is a bunch of buyers with a bunch of sell stops below. So there’s a good chance, when everyone’s bought, it’s gonna go down because who else is left to push it higher, right?
TH: Right.
GP: So we’re just, we’re basically all day analyzing emotion. There is a lot of emotion in the chart, it’s just how you read it and the perspective you bring to it.
Coping with Insider Trading and Spoofing
TH: Do you think a lot of insider trading goes on at that level? Like, what are your, what are your thoughts on that?
GP: I mean, I don’t think it’s human psychology that if you preview some kind of information that can benefit you and your well-being, you’re, you’re probably gonna take advantage of it, um, you know, but I, unfortunately I think there is, it does go on and there’s, there’s no real way to stop it as long as there’s a free flow of information and there’s, there’s a way to benefit from it and I think that people will, right? If you were able to make a couple million bucks, you’re in that position, it’d be a tough decision to say no to that, um, I do think it happens, it’s, it’s unfortunate but…
TH: It doesn’t, it doesn’t happen though like futures or options, right? Or is it possible there? Or just equities? Cause I can see on like the equities’ side, with company information, if you know a company’s gonna go out of business, you might as well start shorting that company now.
GP: Exactly, yeah.
TH: Is it possible, like, you know, I guess, oil, do you… I guess you could get the oil number quicker than somebody else and be able to short it, but do you think insider trading is more prevalent and – I guess is my question – on the equities’ side versus futures?
GP: Um, probably more on the equities’ side because when, when you’re a company, it’s a single company, the management knows a lot more of the business and the future direction of the company, whereas oil, no matter who you are and how high of a position you’re on, you don’t really know much more than others, right? It’s a bigger market than the one company.
TH: Yeah.
GP: Um, but I will tell you this: I think insider trading is actually great because – it’s not great but, I mean, spot it – what I’m saying is, it’s a tradable opportunity. No matter what they try to do, they can’t hide volume. If you’re moving real size, and you’re looking at the right things, you can see it. I have a, on my, um, interactive brokers, I’ve got a plug-in that identifies large orders so I’ll know right away. If you see a bunch of call options shared at a certain price, they’ll all alert me so you can say: “Hey, there’s a whole bunch of volume that came out of nowhere.” And another…
TH: Is it… So it’s, it’s actual trading, not just bids and offers going in the market?
GP: Yeah, exactly, it’s, it’s traded, it’s transactive volume. So if there’s more volume on the, on a certain option price than there is open interest, it will start to trigger the alarm. And I’ve got some settings to, to identify those opportunities, but, um, they can’t hide. If they take an insider position, you can see it. And another two I can actually maybe share is insidercow.com I believe is the website…
TH: insidercow.com?
GP: Yeah.
TH: Okay.
GP: Don’t worry, you don’t have to do a Control + Shift + P or Control + Shift + N, it’s a completely legitimate website. It’s basically any insider that does a trade or transaction, they have to file that, um, and you can see that, it becomes public information. So that’s not real insider trading but it’s useful to know if Tim Cook from Apple’s dumping a whole bunch of shares. You could see that. You’d know exactly when and what price he sold them at.
TH: That is definitely good to know. I used, I used Finviz to look at that, they do all the trader pooling at the bottom too, um…
GP: Yeah, that is a great screener too.
TH: On the… that someone brings up a good conversation, uh, spoofing in the futures market. I know it’s been a hot-button topic the last couple of years, so like, I haven’t been in the futures market since it became outlawed to spoof, but…
GP: Yeah…
TH: It was one of the things that drove me out of the market, was all of a sudden in oil you’d see somebody come in with 200 bid or 200 offer and you’d hit one of ’em and it would just disappear.
GP: Yeah, exactly.
TH: Like, how, how has that – cause you’ve been trading over that duration – how has the regulation of spoofing changed how you trade or like how has it changed the markets in your opinion?
GP: Um, yeah, it’s a, it’s a good point. Since they cleaned it up a little bit, the, the spoofing on the S&P 500 isn’t as bad, it’s not as rampant or blatant, but, I mean, there’s, there’s always high frequency trading. I read a statistic about 55%, 60+ percent’s actually, uh, computer generated volume. And I was reading one of the institutional desk went from 60 traders to just two. So, I know a lot of the volume is going computer generated. I think it was actually Goldman Sachs – they’re down to just two traders on the floor. I just read an article…
TH: The first, I mean the first prop firm I worked at was over a hundred of prop traders and I think they have, like, 10 maybe left.
GP: Yeah, exactly.
TH: So obviously they’re going to group trading or it’s going to automate it, there’s not a lot of discretionary traders out there at the institutional level.
GP: Yeah, it’s tough, right? And, and a lot of that’s a regulation too, the, the Dodd-Frank kicked them out. We’ll see what Trump does with that but if he lifts, and lifts on those regulations or redoes the legislation, it could open it back up, the banks get into prop trading, right? And then it becomes really lucrative again.
Can Algos Beat Psychology and Can Psychology Help with the Inevitable Slumps in Your Trading Career?
GP: … and that’s why I think the business, it’s, it’s not gonna become any easier for us as traders but it’s always gonna be possible to, to be in the market and trade profitably and, believe it or not, a 100% because you can’t ever automate emotion and human psychology, right? And I think that’s what drives the market – it’s not, it’s not technical analysis, it’s not volume, it’s not these indicators that we seek. What really drives the market is psychology. What those indicators do is show us psychology, but they’re not ahead of psychology. Psychology’s what created that pattern, right? Um, I don’t think you can ever change that, so, despite the algos – and I can see them working right now, they’re working these 58 halves on the screen – despite the algos, there’s always going to be a space or spot for us to trade and make some money, so…
TH: That’s, yeah… There’s always going to be discrepancies in the market place, like, that’s, that’s what the, the exchange is – it’s the, you know, to find those discrepancies and find the true value of something.
GP: Exactly.
TH: Um, then actually, you know, it goes, we’re going back to the “Billions”, um, conversation. Would you ever go see a trading psychologist? Like, would you think that it would be beneficial to sit down and, and have a conversation? Cause that’s, that’s a big component of their training is that they sit down whenever they’re having struggles or having good periods of times and just discuss it with her to either help get back on track or continue with what they’re doing.
GP: Remember, um, in the first season, where – I forget, I forget his name, I can’t recall it right now, but – he had a really hard time with some trades and she sat down with him and there was this really good scene and she kinda just walked through him like: “What’s wrong with you?”, like, kinda pumped him up. You remember that? It was the… I forget the exact…
TH: Yeah, I remember, I do remember it, I don’t remember the trader’s name though, that she was, that she was talking to, um…
GP: If you guys, if anyone who’s listening watched it, you’ll know exactly the scene I’m talking about. He was kind of, he had a really big slump and she went into his head and pumped him up and I, and at that time I was going through a pretty, it wasn’t a big slump; in the trading career – you’ll have slumps, you’ll – it’s not a slump, it’s more kind of like a few bad days will string together, you’ll be able to get out of it. And that show really hit me when, with that one episode and I said: “Man, I’ve gotta hire a trading psychologists ha ha!” I thought it was very uh, very interesting aspect, so, I do think, I’m not sure… At your prop firm, did you guys have one or not?
TH: Um, when I got hired on, I had to sit with one.
GP: Did you?
TH: So before they hired me, they made me go in and get evaluated to see if my psychology was good for trading. Turns out that it probably wasn’t, but…
GP: And they cleared you?
TH: Yeah, exactly.
GP: Wow ha ha ha!
TH: Ha ha ha exactly!
GP: Good job! How much did you pay ’em?
TH: They, they just wanted to make sure we weren’t gonna kill ourselves if we, you know, if we had a losing period of time and make sure that we were gonna be, be emotionally stable to… Say, say you have a large trade on and it’s not going in your favor, they wanna make sure you’re not gonna blow out the owner’s money.
GP: Exactly.
TH: You know, like, oh, you know, and I watched it, I watched a guy in the, the rookie class above me, he, we were trading and all of a sudden – he sat right behind me – and I just heard him go off, you know: “F*** this!” And he, and I look back and he’s in, like, 50 lots of a product. And I don’t wanna get into specifics but 50 lots of a product and there is a big quote board where you can see people’s P&L – every, every trader in the room’s P&L you can see it and so, he’s in 50 lot and you’re seeing that he’s drawing down, like, 10.000 dollars, let’s just say hypothetically 10.000 dollars, where his stop should’ve been 5.000 for the day. So he’s already over his stop and he puts on another 50 lots that, that double up the pay…. And he blew out, he lost, like, some absurd amount of money and they, they fired him, like, that day. They, he was out the door, they, like, you know, they can’t have somebody that’s that emotionally unstable, you know, trading. Cause when he should’ve won or lost 5.000, let’s say he lost 50.000 dollars and it’s gonna take him that many days to make up that money, it’s just, you know, what happens if it happens again?
GP: It’s so funny you mention that, that, that story itself should have so many learning lessons for people coming into this business cause, think about that, you get fired for making that decision, but how many times do retail traders think that, “hey, the best way out of this trade is to average in and buy more”? Or that Martingale strategy: “Let me keep adding until, until I make money.” Great, you’re gonna make money but one day you’re gonna go broke with that strategy, right?
TH: Do you think that’s because of stocks, though? Do you think stock trading has taught people to do that? Cause that’s a, that’s a popular strategy, that Dollar-Cost Average.
GP: Absolutely, yeah.
TH: …they teach that in finance class, you know?
GP: Definitely. DCA, buy the stuff. But I think, I think where the disconnect happened was that Dollar-Cost Averaging was used to sell a lot of mutual fund products and bundle diverse fight strategies and then people started to apply that to single stock and to this day I’ll talk to people who’ll say: “Yeah, I’ll just get the drops, great, it’s a sale, I’m gonna buy more. And it’s not a Boxing Day sale, this is an investment, right? You, you’ve got to, you’ve got to treat it a little bit differently. And the problem with Dollar-Cost Averaging is that if you pull up any chart, right now, any chart, any symbol you’re thinking of, any three, four letters, you’re gonna see opportunities where Dollar-Cost Averaging works, but think about the companies that have gone out of business. There’s more companies today that have been bankrupt than they are alive at the moment. And you’ve gotta remember, the stats are: if you Dollar-Cost Average in any of those, what if you did on Enron – you would’ve been broke. So…
TH: Right.
GP: Yeah, and I think that’s kind of where that psychology comes in – you pull up a chart of a company, it’s gonna work, but what about the dead ones?
TH: Oh, right. And, and then on, you know, like, commodities, like there, there’s no way that can pass and work in commodities cause they go up and down all the time. Think of the people ever doing with gold, and I, I’m a gold bug personally, but think of the people who were doing gold back in 2011-2014.
GP: Yeah.
TH: Like when it shot up to 1700 dollars and then it’s coming off, they’re buying at 1600, 1500, 1400… I don’t know what’s that now, like 11 or 12 hundred dollars an ounce, like, they’re getting? They’re getting crushed…
GP: 1257, yeah.
TH: Wow it’s came up, it came up quite a bit.
GP: It’s popped the bay, they got the chance to get long last week, but… I like gold too. Actually when I’m, when I’m up on a, on a gold day I play the Austin Powers quote: “I love gooold!”
Risk Management – It’s All about the Lot Size!
GP: …and it shocks people that in trading you can be right one out of ten times and still make money. It’s all about how you manage your risk.
TH: Right. That’s a, that’s a great point. Do you, do you, uh, do you scale up and down in your trading? Like, so, do you trade one lot and then if it’s going well you, you put another lot on, and if it’s going well, you put another lot? Cause to go to that point where if you only did one lot, uh, on nine of the trades you lost, but then you did a ten lot on one of ’em and made money, you can make more money on that ten lot than you can on the nine losers.
GP: Exactly. Definitely, it’s a, that’s a really good point. Some markets are really good for that, if you’re, if you have a nice trending market, like if you go on a daily chart and you’re seeing some consistent trends, um, it’s a good opportunity to, to be able to get in there and build positions. For day trading I found that whenever I scale into trades, by the time I scale in, everyone else is kind of jumping in with me as well and then that trade’s over. Because they’re, they’re shorter lived opportunities, I don’t scale as much on a, on an intraday perspective but a longer term, it’s definitely an opportunity to, to scale in and add more lots on the way up.
…
GP: I, I have a rule, on Friday… I have a rule actually, um: quitting while you’re ahead. So if I have two winning trades and profit on a Friday before 11:30 I’m out, like, I… Yeah, but...
TH: OK, sorry, I was just pulling up the, pulling up the chart.
GP: So you’re gonna look at it probably like “What is he talking about, 1 or 2 and a half points?” But for me, that’s my full move, I’ve scaled out by now, I’ve probably taken… I look for plus 4, 6, 8 and 12 – that’s my strategy, so I’ll do quarter lots, I’ll exit on the way out. So, for those of you who don’t know what that is, I’m essentially going for 1 point, 1 and a half, 2 points and 2 and half points maximum on S&P. And being able to capture that multiple times a day is much easier than going for a 6 point winner.
Trading on Demo Accounts – Yes or No?
TH: Do you, um, do you encourage people to trade on demo accounts?
GP: I do, I like to… For long enough that you get the sense of how the market moves. I think I’m a big believer of pattern and you’ll start to spot it. When, before the day begins I’ll typically know whether it’ll be a range day or active day. And, and it’s based on a lot of years of experience but I started to kind of see the charts, sometimes I look at the computer and it’s like little numbers falling, like the Matrix. But, um, but yeah, I encourage people to, to look at it, um, at a time, so…
TH: Do you think there’s a point where you just need to get off of it, say “enough’s enough”: either quit and don’t move forward or move forward to a live account? Do you think there’s, uh, that period of time in there?
GP: Um, you’ll, so you’ll usually know. It’s one of those things that you’ll know, um. I think, I think there’s two things you’ve gotta remember: you’re always kinda balancing – you’re balancing the strategy – the vehicle that you’re trading – and then kind of the operator of that vehicle. And the demo is not so much to test the strategy, the demo’s more to test the operator. It’s kind of like a driving test, right? Before you get in the car you usually have a written test.
Your Hope Is Increasing but Your Edge Is Slipping? It’s Time to Get Out!
GP: Yeah, and I’ll share one thing actually that, that we teach in TRADEPRO Academy: it’s, it’s the curve that crosses. So, if you picture – I dunno if, I’ve gotta look at the camera – if you picture, like, your edge in a trade – when you get in, your edge starts here and as you wait, your edge starts to drop. So as, as time passes, and you’re not being profitable, the edge of your trade, from a statistical point of view, starts to drop, its conditions are changing. And at the bottom you have the curve of hope: the longer you’re in a trade, the more your hopes are increasing you’re going to start making money. And I try to catch the moment in my trade where my edge slips enough and my hope goes up that they cross. Whenever I start… When I’m holding it, if I get in based on all my parameters being hit and it’s a great trade, great, I’m in. But when I start to notice that hope is increasing and I’m slipping a little bit on the edge, conditions are changing, some of the market correlations are dropping off, and I start thinking: “Alright, well, it’s not goin’ up, but maybe it’ll go up, right, I hope it’s gonna start going up” – that’s when I try to can that trade and get out, because you’re dead at that point.
You Don’t Know the Direction of the Market? Don’t Worry, No One Does! But Here Is What You Should Worry About
GP: …I think the one algo that I would probably be a 100% confident in is the point in the market is to do the exact opposite of what Gartman says.
TH: Ha ha ha!
GP: I would love to set up an algo with a fades Dennis Gartman. But he… Look, I read his newsletter for, for a little while, he has some cool things that he points in there, and, I mean, I think it’s what we try to take out of these people that we follow, we try to get the one Holy Grail of direction, where the market’s gonna go. And I see benefit and value in everyone’s opinion, and like, you know, I can’t say that he’s a bad guy or anything, I just don’t really care about what anyone else thinks because at the end of the day, it’s my money. And you shouldn’t either. Nobody should care about what the other guy thinks. Uh, formulate opinions, get as much info as you can, but when you click that button, you’re, it’s all you, that’s the beauty of the business, right?
TH: No, no one else is gonna pay, pay the loss if you lose it.
GP: Yeah, what am I gonna do, say: “Hey, Dennis, like, I lost this trade, now can you give me some of that back?” No, right? But on the flipside, when you make the money, you don’t have to pay it out to anyone else either, so… Um, I would say don’t look for direction. One of my good, my favorite sayings is, when people join and say: “Where is the market going?”, I don’t know. And I say: “I don’t know, nobody does, but we’ll be along for the ride.” And the most important part is, even if I told you where it’s going, if I told 99% of traders: “Hey, you know what, the market’s gonna go, it’s gonna close at 23,70, that’s 6 points higher than right now.” Most people will say, with that information they can make money, right? They’ll say: “Great, I’ll buy it.” But what if I told you that you only had a four tick stop loss? So the second you hit the stop loss, you’re done. Now you may not make that six points, now it becomes a lot more challenging. So don’t worry about where it’s going, worry about where you’re gonna get in and why, but more importantly, when you’re gonna get out and why. So that’s…